A Log barge near Dumai, the main port city in Riau province, transports timber from the cleared Riau peatland forests. Multinational development on the last large intact area of peat swamp forest in Riau province on Sumatra island, which has some of the deepest peat in Indonesia, is making way for land drainage to cultivate palm oil and pulp and paper plantations. Peatland forest is critical for maintaining biodiversity and its degradation releases vast stores of carbon, thereby contributing to global climate change.